| serial number | Name | Description | 1 | carbon steel | carbon steel is also known as carbon steel, carbon content the w c is less than 2% of the iron-carbon alloy. Carbon steel in addition to carbon generally also contain a small amount of silicon, manganese, sulfur, phosphorus. By end-use carbon steel into carbon structural steel, carbon tool steel and easy cutting of structural steel three. Carbon structural steel can be divided into the building structural steel and machinery manufacturing structural steel two carbon steel; according to carbon content can be divided into low-carbon steel (the w c ≤ 0.25%), in carbon steel (the w c > 0.25% <0.6%) and high-carbon steel (w c > 0.6%) phosphorus, sulfur content of the carbon The steel is divided into ordinary carbon steel, the higher the carbon content of ordinary carbon steel (phosphorus, sulfur and higher), high-quality carbon steel (phosphorus, sulfur, low) and high quality steel (phosphorus, sulfur, lower), the higher the hardness, the higher the intensity, but the ductility was lower. | 2 | carbon, structural steel | such steel to ensure the mechanical properties, so the grades reflect its mechanical properties, Q + digital, where "Q" as the yield point & ldquo ; flexion of the pinyin of the word prefix numbers indicate the yield point value, such as Q275, said the yield point of 275MPa. Grades behind marked the letters A, B, C, D and indicates a different level of quality of steel, containing s, and in turn reduce the amount of P, followed by improvement of the quality of steel. Marked in the grade behind the letter "F", compared with boiling steel, marked "b" for the semi-killed steel, marked "F, 'or the" b "for killed steel. Of Q235-A F. For example, the yield point of 235MPa Class A boiling steel, Q235-c, the yield point of 235MPa c-killed steel, carbon structural steel under normal circumstances do not heat-treated, while the direct use in the supply state . Usually Q195 AT, Q215, Q235 steel carbon mass fraction is low, good welding performance, plasticity, toughness, a certain intensity, often rolled into thin sheets, steel, welded steel pipes, etc., for bridges, buildings and other structures and production of common rivets. screws, nuts and other parts. Q255 and Q275 steel carbon content is slightly higher strength, ductility, toughness, can be welded, usually rolled into the steel, steel and steel for structural parts as well as the manufacture of simple mechanical linkage, gear coupling section, marketing and other parts. | 3 | quality, structural steel | such steel must also ensure that the chemical composition and mechanical properties. The grade is the mass fraction of the two numbers indicate the average carbon steel Wan scores (wс × 10000). For example, 45 steel, the average mass fraction of carbon in the steel of 0.45%; 08 steel 0.08% of the average mass fraction of carbon steel, quality carbon structural steel used in the manufacture of machine parts. Generally required in order to improve the mechanical properties of heat-treated. Depending on the carbon mass fraction, for different purposes. 08,08 F, 10,10 F steel, plastic, high toughness, excellent cold forming and welding properties, often cold-rolled into thin sheets for cold stamping on the production of the instrument housing, cars and tractors, such as automotive body, tractor cab and other; 15,20,25 steel for production of smaller, lighter load, surface requirement wear, carburized parts of the heart, strength less demanding, such as piston pin, model; 30,35,40 45, 50 steel by heat treatment (quenching + high-temperature tempering) has good mechanical properties, ie high strength and high ductility, toughness, for the production of the shaft parts, such as 40, 45 steel used in the manufacture of cars, tractor crankshaft, connecting rod, general machine tool spindles, machine tool gear and other uneven force shaft parts; 55,60,65 steel heat treatment (quenching + tempering) has a high elastic limit, used in the production load is small, smaller size (sectional dimension of less than 12 ~ 15mm) spring, such as voltage regulator and governor spring, plunger spring, coil spring cold. | 4 | carbon, tool steel | carbon tool steel, high carbon steel is essentially free of alloying elements, carbon content in the range of 0.65% to 1.35% of its production low cost, easily available source of raw materials, good machinability, high hardness and high wear resistance can be treated, it is widely used kinds of steel used to manufacture a variety of cutting tools, dies, measuring, but this type of steel red hardness is poor, ie, when the operating temperature greater than 250 ° C, the hardness and wear resistance of steel will be a sharp decline in lost work capacity. In addition, carbon tool steel, such as made of large parts are not easily hardened, and prone to deformation and cracks. | 5 | cutting structural steel, | cutting structural steel is to add some elements to make steel brittle steel, steel cutting chips brittle and broken into debris, thus help to improve the cutting speed and tool life. Elements of the steel brittle sulfur, lead, tellurium, bismuth and other elements used in the ordinary low-alloy cutting structural steel, the sulfur content of this steel ws in the range from 0.08% to 0.30%, manganese content wMn 0.60% -1.55% range. Sulfur in the steel and manganese exist in manganese sulfide form of manganese sulfide is very brittle and lubrication performance, so that the chip is easily broken off, and help to improve the quality of the machined surface. | 6 | alloy steel | steel addition to iron, carbon, and a small amount of unavoidable silicon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, and also contains a certain amount of alloying elements , which one or more of silicon, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, chromium, vanadium, titanium, niobium, boron, lead, rare earth and other alloying elements in steel, this steel, alloy steel system called alloy steel, countries, with their own resources, production and conditions of use vary, abroad in the past the development of nickel, chromium steel system, our country is based on silicon, manganese, vanadium, titanium, niobium, boron, rare earth alloy steel system, alloy steel about fifteen percent in the total production of steel in general is a smelting furnace alloy steel use could be divided into eight categories, which are: alloy steel, spring steel, bearing steel, alloy tool steel, high-speed tool steel, stainless steel, heat can not afford leather steel, electrical silicon steel. | 7 | common, low-alloy steel | ordinary low-alloy steel containing a small amount of alloying elements (in most cases its total the w total not more than three %) of common alloy steels. The strength of this steel is relatively high, the better the overall performance and corrosion resistance, wear resistance, low temperature and good machinability, welding performance, save a lot of scarce alloying elements (such as nickel, chromium) under the conditions usually lt ordinary low-alloy steel top 1.2-1.3t carbon steel, their life and use is far more than carbon steel. Ordinary low-alloy steel general smelting smelting, in the open hearth, converter close to the cost and carbon steel. | 8 | , engineering structural alloy steel | alloy steel engineering and architectural structures, including the welding of high strength alloy structural steel, alloy steel bar steel, railway alloy steel geological oil drilling alloy steel, pressure vessels, alloy steel, high manganese wear-resistant steel. For engineering and architectural structures such steel, alloy steel, the type of steel alloy content, low total, but the production, with higher usage. | 9 | , mechanical structure of alloy steel | this type of steel is the alloy steel in the manufacture of machines and machine parts. It is appropriate to join one or more of alloying elements on the basis of quality carbon tangled steel, used to improve strength, toughness and hardenability of the steel permeability. Type of steel is usually heat-treated (such as quenching and tempering treatment, surface hardening treatment). Including alloy structural steel and alloy spring steel two major categories, including quenched and tempered alloy steel, surface hardened alloy steel (carburizing steel, nitriding steel, high-frequency surface hardened steel), cold plastic molding forged steel, alloy steel (cold-top cold extrusion of steel, etc.). Chemical composition of the basic composition of the series can be divided into the Mn Department of steel, the SiMn Department and Steel, Cr steel of CrMo steel of the Department of the CrNiMo Department and Steel, Nj Department of steel B, the Department of steel. | 10 | alloy, structural steel | alloy structural steel, carbon content wc low carbon structural steel, usually in O. 15% of an O. Within the range of 50%. In addition to carbon, it also contains one or more alloying elements, such as silicon, manganese, vanadium, titanium, boron and nickel, chromium, molybdenum, etc.. Easy-alloy structural steel hardened and not easy to deformation or cracking, easy to heat treatment to improve the performance of steel, alloy structural steel is widely used in the manufacture of automobiles, tractors, ships, turbines, heavy machine transmission parts and fasteners. The low carbon alloy steel generally carburizing carbon steel is generally quenching and tempering treatment. | 11 | , alloy tool steel | alloy tool steel contains more alloying elements such as silicon, chromium, tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium, high carbon steel. Easy hardened alloy tool steel, not easy to deformation and crack, suitable for use in the manufacture of large size and complex shape of the cutting tools, dies and gauges for different purposes, the carbon content of alloy tool steel. Most of the carbon content of alloy tool steel the w c 0.5% to 1.5%. Thermal deformation of low carbon content of mold steel, the the w c in the range of 0.3% to 0.6%; cutting tool steel generally carbon the w c 1%; cold mold steel is high carbon content, such as graphite mold steel carbon content w c 1.5%, high carbon high chromium cold work tool steels the carbon content of the w c up to 2% or more. | 12 | high-speed, tool steel | high-speed tool steel, high carbon and high alloy tool steel, steel carbon content the w c 0.7% -1.4 %, the steel contains alloying elements can form carbides of high hardness, such as tungsten, molybdenum, chromium, and vanadium; high-speed tool steel with high red hardness, high-speed cutting conditions, temperatures as high as 500-600 º c hardness is not reduced in order to ensure good cutting performance. | 13 | spring, steel | spring under alternating stress, shock, vibration, or long-term use, so spring steel, high tensile strength, elastic limit, high fatigue strength. Spring steel hardenability, difficult to decarburization, good surface quality in the process. Carbon spring steel, carbon content w c 0.6% to 0.9% within the high-quality carbon structural steel (including normal and high manganese content) . Alloy spring steel, the silicomanganese Department of steel, the carbon content lower, mainly by increasing the silicon content of WSi (1.3% to 2.8%) to improve performance; in addition to chromium, tungsten, vanadium alloy spring steel. In recent years, combined with our resources, and in accordance with the requirements of automobiles, tractors design of new technologies, develop new steels by adding boron, niobium, molybdenum and other elements on the basis of silico-manganese steel, and extend the life of the spring, and spring quality . | 14 | , bearing steel | bearing steel is steel used to make a ball, roller and bearing rings. Bearing in the work under tremendous pressure and friction bearing steel, high and uniform hardness and wear resistance, and high elastic limit. Uniformity in the chemical composition of bearing steel, non-metallic inclusion content and distribution, the distribution of carbide and other requirements are very stringent. Bearing steel, also known as carbon chromium steel, carbon the w c l%, the amount of chromium the w c 0.5% -1.65%. Bearing steel is divided into high-carbon chromium bearing steel, chromium bearing steel, carburizing bearing steel, stainless bearing steel, high temperature bearing steel and anti-magnetic bearing steel six categories. | 15 | electrical silicon steel | Electric Industrial silicon steel is mainly used to make electrical industrial silicon steel. Silicon steel sheet is a great amount of steel, the manufacture of motors and transformers according to the chemical composition of silicon can be divided into low silicon and high silicon steel. Low silicon silicon content wsi1. O% ~ 2.5%, mainly used to manufacture motor; silicon content of high silicon steel wsi3. O% ~ 4.5%, generally used to manufacture transformers. Their carbon content wc ≤ O. 06% ~ 0.08%. | 16 | rail, steel | rail mainly under the pressure and impact loading of the rolling stock and, therefore, require sufficient strength and hardness and toughness. Commonly used rail steel open hearth furnace and smelting carbon killed steel, this steel, carbon the w c 0.6%. 0.8% of medium carbon steel and high carbon steel, manganese content in steel WMn higher in O. 6% to 1.1% range. In recent years, has been widely used in the ordinary low-alloy steel rail, such as high-silicon rails, manganese rail, copper rails and titanium rails. Ordinary low-alloy rail Carbon rail wear, corrosion resistance, service life has greatly improved. | 17 | shipbuilding, steel | shipbuilding steel is used for manufacturing and large inland ship hull structure steel. Hull structure commonly used welding methods to manufacture, shipbuilding steel for better welding performance. It also requires a certain amount of strength, toughness and low temperature and corrosion can. The past, mainly the use of low carbon steel as a shipbuilding steel. Recently, a large number of ordinary low-alloy steel, of steel, such as 12 manganese ship, 16 manganese ship, 15 manganese vanadium ship steel. These steels have high strength, good toughness, easy processing and welding, resistance to seawater corrosion and other features can be successfully used to produce a million tons of ocean-going ships. | 18 | , bridge steel | rail or road bridge to withstand the impact load of the vehicle, bridge steel requires a certain degree of strength, toughness and good fatigue resistance of steel high surface quality requirements. Bridge steel is often used basic open hearth furnace killed steel, recently successfully adopted the ordinary low-alloy steel, such as 16 Mn, 15 Mn VN and so on. | 19 | , boiler steel | boiler steel that is used to manufacture the superheater, the main steam pipe and boiler fire chamber to heat the surface with the material. The performance requirements of the boiler steel is a good weldability, high temperature strength and resistance to alkali corrosion, resistance to oxidation. Common boiler steel open-hearth smelting low-carbon killed steel or smelting furnace, low carbon steel, carbon content the w c O. 16% ~ 0.26%. The manufacture of high-pressure boiler application of pearlitic heat resistant steels or austenitic heat-resisting steel. In recent years, ordinary low-alloy steel construction of boilers, such as 12 Mn, 15 Mn vanadium, 18 Mn Mo Nb. | 20 | electrode, steel | type of steel is designed for the manufacture of arc welding and gas welding electrode wire. The composition of the steel varies with the welding material. Needed, broadly divided into carbon steel, alloy steel and stainless steel three. Sulfur and phosphorus content of these steels the w s , the w P not more than 0.03%, than the average steel requirements more strict. These steels do not require the mechanical properties, but only for the inspection of the chemical composition. | 21 | stainless steel | stainless steel acid referred to as stainless steel, it is composed from two parts of the stainless steel and acid resistant steel. In short, resistant to atmospheric corrosion of steel is stainless steel, resistant to chemicals (such as acids) corrosion of steel is acid resistant steel. In general, the amount of chromium the w cr greater than 12% of the steel has the characteristics of the stainless steel, stainless steel microstructure after the heat treatment can be divided into five categories: namely, ferritic stainless steel martensitic stainless steels, austenitic stainless steel, austenitic ferritic stainless steel and precipitation hardening stainless steel. | 22 | heat, steel | under high temperature oxidation resistance and high temperature strength and good heat resistance of steel called the heat-resistant steel. The heat-resistant steel including steel and hot strength of steel two types of antioxidant. Antioxidant steel, also known as can not afford leather steel. Thermal strength steel has good oxidation resistance at high temperatures and has high temperature strength of steel. Heat-resistant steel is mainly used for long-term use in high temperature parts. | 23 | high temperature, alloy | high-temperature alloy is sufficient rupture strength at high temperatures, creep strength, thermal fatigue strength, high temperature toughness and sufficient chemical stability a strong thermal materials for thermal power units of about 1000 º C high temperature conditions. According to their different chemical composition, can be divided into the nickel-base superalloys, iron-nickel-based superalloy and cobalt-base superalloys. | 24 | precision alloy | precision alloys refers to alloys with special physical properties. It is an indispensable material in the electrical industry, electronics industry, precision instrument industry, and automatic control system. Precision alloy according to their different physical properties are divided into seven categories, namely: the soft magnetic alloy, deformation permanent magnet alloy, elastic alloy, expansion alloy, thermal bimetal, resistance alloy, thermocouple alloys. The vast majority of precision alloy is a black metal base, only a few based on non-ferrous metal base. | Note: the "D" "M-. "" P "denote the mass fraction of c, s, Mn, P. |